How to File a Case in UAE: Step-by-Step Guide for Legal Success


The UAE has a well-structured legal system that ensures justice for individuals and businesses. Whether you need to resolve a civil dispute, a financial matter, or a criminal offense, understanding how to file a case in UAE is crucial. This guide outlines the step-by-step process for filing a legal case, including how do I file a criminal complaint in the UAE.

Step 1: Identify the Type of Case

Before initiating legal action, determine the nature of your case:

  • Civil Cases – Disputes between individuals or businesses (e.g., breach of contract, property disputes).

  • Criminal Cases – Offenses such as fraud, theft, assault, or bounced cheques.

  • Labour Cases – Employer-employee disputes related to unpaid wages, unfair dismissal, etc.

  • Family Cases – Divorce, child custody, inheritance issues.

Each type of case follows a specific legal process.

Step 2: Seek Legal Consultation

It is advisable to consult with a lawyer before proceeding. Lawyers in the UAE can guide you through legal complexities, ensuring your complaint is valid and supported by evidence.

Step 3: Filing a Police Report (For Criminal Cases)

If your case involves a criminal offense, you must first report it to the police. The process for filing a criminal complaint includes:

  • Visit the nearest police station or file a complaint online through the Dubai Police or Abu Dhabi Police portal.

  • Provide all relevant evidence and documents.

  • The police will investigate and determine whether the case should be escalated to the Public Prosecution.

Step 4: Filing a Case with the Relevant Court

For civil and commercial disputes, cases must be filed with the appropriate court:

  • Dubai Courts or Abu Dhabi Courts handle civil, family, and commercial disputes.

  • Labour disputes are filed through the Labour Department before proceeding to court.

The court will require a written complaint, supporting documents, and any contractual agreements relevant to the case.

Step 5: Payment of Court Fees

There are specific court fees associated with filing a case. These fees vary based on the type of case and the claim amount. Some courts may offer fee waivers for individuals who cannot afford legal expenses.

Step 6: Notification to the Opposing Party

Once the case is registered, the court will issue a formal notice to the opposing party, informing them of the legal action and allowing them to respond.

Step 7: Court Hearings and Evidence Submission

During court hearings, both parties present their arguments. Evidence such as documents, witness statements, and expert reports play a crucial role in determining the case outcome.

Step 8: Judgment and Appeals

The court will issue a verdict based on the presented evidence. If you are not satisfied with the ruling, you have the right to appeal the decision to a higher court.

Conclusion

Understanding how to file a case in UAE and how do I file a criminal complaint ensures you follow the correct legal procedures for a successful resolution. Seeking legal advice and preparing strong evidence significantly improve your chances of winning your case.

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